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1 of 16 GS2974A hd-linx? iii adaptive cable equalizer www.gennum.com data sheet 42216 - 3 january 2009 GS2974A hd-linx? iii adaptive cable equalizer features ? smpte 424m, smpte 292m and smpte 259m compliant ?automatic cable equalization ? 0.3ui maximum output jitter at 2.97gb/s ? multi-standard operation from 143mb/s to 2.97gb/s ? supports dvb-asi at 270mb/s ? small footprint (4mm x 4mm) ? pb-free and rohs compliant ? manual bypass (useful for low data rates with slow rise/fall times) ? performance op timized for 1.485gb/s and 2.97gb/s ? typical equalized length of belden 1694a cable: 120m at 2.97gb/s, 200m at 1.485 gb/s, and 350m at 270mb/s ?50 differential output (internal 50 pull-ups) ? programmable mute based on max cable length adjust ? single 3.3v power supply operation ? operating temperature range: 0c to +70c applications ? smpte 424m, smpte 292m and smpte 259m coaxial cable serial digital interfaces. description the GS2974A is a high-speed bicmos integr ated circuit designed to equalize and restore signals received over 75 co-axial cable . the GS2974A is designed to support smpte 424m, smpte 292m and smpte 259m, and is optimized for performance at 1.485gb/s and 2.97gb/s. the GS2974A features dc rest oration to compensate for the dc content of smpte pathological test patterns. a voltage programmable mute threshold (mcladj), applicable for sd mode (refer to section 4.3 ), is included to allow muting of the GS2974A output when an approximate selected cable length is re ached for smpte 259m signals. this feature allows the gs2 974a to distinguish between low amplitude sd-sdi signals and noise at the input of the device. the serial digital ou tputs of the GS2974A may be forced to a mute state by applying a voltage to the mute pin. power consumption is typically 215mw using a 3.3v power supply. the GS2974A is lead-free, and the encapsulation compound does not contain halogenated flame retardant. this component and all homogeneous subcomponents are rohs compliant. GS2974A functional block diagram cable length adjustor carrier detect mute equalizer dc restore output agc cd mute sdo bypass sdo sdi sdi mcladj
GS2974A hd-linx? iii adaptive cable equalizer data sheet 42216 - 3 january 2009 2 of 16 revision history version ecr pcn date changes and/or modifications 3 151331 ? j anuary 2009 added 2500pc reel size to 6.6 ordering information . c hanged the output voltage s wing from 550mv p-p to 600mv p-p in table 2-2: a c electrical c haracteristics . 2 149719 ? april 2008 added ?0.3ui maximum output j itter at 2.97 g b/s? to features s ection and table 2-2: a c electrical c haracteristics . c hanged cables lengths from 100 to 120 and 400 to 350 in s ection 4. detailed description . re-wrote s ection 4.3 programmable maximum c able length adjust (m c lad j ) . added tape & reel to 6.6 ordering information . 1 145131 ? may 2007 c onverted to data s heet. 0 144247 ? february 2007 c onverted to preliminary data s heet. removed ?proprietary and c onfidential? footer. modified d c electrical c haracteristics and a c electrical c haracteristics table. added section 6.4 marking diagram . a 143102 ? december 2006 new document.
GS2974A hd-linx? iii adaptive cable equalizer data sheet 42216 - 3 january 2009 3 of 16 contents features....................................................................................................................... ..........................................1 applications................................................................................................................... ......................................1 description.................................................................................................................... .......................................1 revision history ............................................................................................................... ..................................2 1. pin out..................................................................................................................... ..........................................4 1.1 GS2974A pin assignment .................................................................................................... ..........4 1.2 GS2974A pin descriptions .................................................................................................. ...........4 2. electrical characteristics .................................................................................................. ..........................6 2.1 absolute maximum ratings .................................................................................................. ........6 2.2 dc electrical characteristics ...... ....................................................................................... ...........6 2.3 ac electrical characterist ics ............................................................................................. ...........7 test circuit ................................................................................................................... ........................................8 3. input/output circuits ....................................................................................................... ...........................8 4. detailed description........................................................................................................ .............................9 4.1 serial digital inputs ..................................................................................................... ....................9 4.2 cable equalization ........................................................................................................ ................ 10 4.3 programmable maximum cable length adjust (mclad j) ............................................. 10 4.4 mute and carrier detect ................................................................................................... ........... 11 5. application information ..................................................................................................... ..................... 12 5.1 pcb layout ................................................................................................................ ....................... 12 5.2 typical application circuit ............................................................................................... ......... 12 6. package & ordering information .............................................................................................. ............ 13 6.1 package dimensions ........................................................................................................ ............. 13 6.2 packaging data ............................................................................................................ ................... 13 6.3 recommended pcb footprint .. ........... ........... ........... ........... ........... ........... ........... ........... ....... .. 14 6.4 marking diagram ........................................................................................................... ................ 14 6.5 solder reflow profiles .................................................................................................... .............. 15 6.6 ordering information ...................................................................................................... ............. 15
GS2974A hd-linx? iii adaptive cable equalizer data sheet 42216 - 3 january 2009 4 of 16 1. pin out 1.1 GS2974A pin assignment figure 1-1: 16-pin qfn 1.2 GS2974A pin descriptions GS2974A (top view) 1 v ee _a v ee _a sdi sdi 2 3 4 sdo sdo v ee _d v ee _d 12 11 10 9 agc agc bypass mcladj 5 7 6 8 v cc _a mute cd v cc _d 13 14 15 1 6 center pa d ( b ottom of pa c ka g e, internally b on d e d to vee_a) table 1-1: GS2974A pin descriptions pin number name timing ty p e description 1, 4 vee_a analog power most negative power supply for analog circuitry. c onnect to g nd. 2, 3 s di, s di analog input s erial digital differential input. 5, 6 a gc , a gc analog ? external a gc capacitor. c onnect pin 5 and pin 6 together as shown in the typical application c ircuit on page 12 . 7bypa ss not s ynchronous input forces the equalizing and d c re s tore stages into bypass mode when hi g h. no equalization occurs in this mode. 8m c lad j analog input maximum cable length adjust. adjusts the approximate maximum amount of cable to be equalized. s ee s ection 4.3 . and s ection 4.4 9 vee_d analog power most negative power supp ly for the digital circuitry and output buffer. c onnect to g nd.
GS2974A hd-linx? iii adaptive cable equalizer data sheet 42216 - 3 january 2009 5 of 16 10, 11 s do , s do analog output equalized serial digital differential output. 12 vee_d analog power most negative power supp ly for the digital circuitry and output buffer. c onnect to g nd. 13 v cc _d analog power most positive power supply for the digital i/o pins of the device. c onnect to +3.3v d c . 14 mute not s ynchronous input c ontrol s i g nal input levels are lv c mo s /lvttl compatible. (3.3v tolerant) c ontrols output behaviour on s do and s do s ee s ection 4.4. 15 c d not s ynchronous output s tatu s s i g nal output s ignal levels are lv c mo s /lvttl compatible. indicates the presence of a good input signal. s ee s ection 4.4. 16 v cc _a analog power most positive power supply for the analog circuitry of the device. c onnect to +3.3v d c . ? c enter pad ? power internally bonded to vee_a. table 1-1: GS2974A pin descriptions (continued) pin number name timing ty p e description
GS2974A hd-linx? iii adaptive cable equalizer data sheet 42216 - 3 january 2009 6 of 16 2. electrical characteristics 2.1 absolute maximum ratings 2.2 dc electrical characteristics parameter value s upply voltage -0.3v to +3.6 vd c input e s d voltage 2kv s torage temperature range -50 c < t s < 125 c input voltage range (any input) -0.3 to (v cc +0.3)v operating temperature range 0 c to 70 c s older reflow temperature 260 c table 2-1: dc electrical characteristics v cc = 3.3v 5%, t a = 0 c to 70 c , unless otherwise shown parameter symbol conditions min ty p max units notes s upply voltage v cc ? 3.135 3.3 3.465 v 5% power c onsumption p d t a = 25 c ? 215 343 mw ? s upply c urrent i s t a = 25 c ?6598ma? output c ommon mode voltage v c mout t a = 25 c ?v cc - v s do /2 ? v ? input c ommon mode voltage v c min t a = 25 c ?1.75?v? m c lad j d c voltage (to mute signal) ?0m, t a = 25 c ?3.2?v? m c lad j range ? t a = 25 c ?0.5?v? c d output voltage v c d (oh) c arrier not present 2.4 ? ? v ? v c d (ol) c arrier present ? ? 0.4 v ? mute input voltage required to force outputs to mute v mute min to mute 2.0 ? ? v ? mute input voltage required to force outputs active v mute max to activate ??0.8v?
GS2974A hd-linx? iii adaptive cable equalizer data sheet 42216 - 3 january 2009 7 of 16 2.3 ac electrical characteristics table 2-2: ac electrical characteristics v cc = 3.3v 5%, t a = 0 c to 70 c , unless otherwise shown parameter symbol conditions min ty p max units notes s erial input data rate dr s do ? 143 ? 2970 mb/s ? input voltage s wing v s di t a =25 c , differential, 270mb/s and 1.485 g b/s 720 800 950 mv p-p 1 t a =25 c , differential, 2.97 g b/s 720 800 880 mv p-p 1 output voltage s wing v s do 100 load, t a =25 c , differential 600 750 1050 mv p-p ? output j itter of various c able lengths and data rates ? 270mb/s belden 1694a: 0-300m ??0.2ui2,5 ? 270mb/s belden 1694a: 300-350m ? 0.2 ? ui 4,5 ? 1.485 g b/s belden 1694a: 0-140m ? 0.25 ui 2,5 ? 1.485 g b/s belden 1694a: 140-200m ? 0.3 ? ui 4,5 ?2.97 g b/s belden 1694a: 0-70m ??0.3ui2,5 ?2.97 g b/s belden 1694a: 70-120m ? 0.3 ? ui 4,5 output rise/fall time ? 20% - 80% 40 80 220 ps ? mismatch in rise/fall time ? ? ? ? 30 ps ? duty cycle distortion ? ? ? ? 30 ps ? overshoot ? ? ? ? 10 % ? input return loss ? ? 15 21 ? db 3 input resistance ? single ended ? 1.52 ? k ? input c apacitance ? single ended ? 1 ? pf ? output resistance ? single ended ? 50 ? ? note s : 1. 0m cable length. 2. all parts were production tested. in order to guarant ee jitter over the full range of specification (v cc = 3.3v 5%, t a = 0c to 70c, and 720-880mv launch swing from the sd i cable driver) the reco mmended applications ci rcuit must be used. 3. tested on cb2974a board from 5mhz to 3ghz. 4. based on characterization da ta using the recommended applications circuit, at v cc = 3.3v, t a = 25c and 800mv launch swing from the sdi cable driver 5. equalizer pathological test signal was used.
GS2974A hd-linx? iii adaptive cable equalizer data sheet 42216 - 3 january 2009 8 of 16 test circuit figure 2-1: test c ircuit 3. input/output circuits bert pattern generator ext. clock clock out data out ext. clock 2.97ghz/1.485ghz/ 270mhz GS2974A test board tds 820 ch. 1 ch. 2 out in out ext. trigger 50/75 1 6 94a cable figure 3-1: input equivalent c ircuit figure 3-2: m c lad j equivalent c ircuit 3k 3. 6 k 3k 3. 6 k rc sdi sdi v cc mcladj 12.2k 150 + -
GS2974A hd-linx? iii adaptive cable equalizer data sheet 42216 - 3 january 2009 9 of 16 4. detailed description the GS2974A is a high speed bi cmos ic designed to equalize serial digital signals. the GS2974A can equalize both hd and sd serial digital signals, and will typically equalize 120m of belden 1694a cable at 2.97gb/s, 200m at 1. 485gb/ s and 350m at 270mb/s.the GS2974A is powered from a si ngle +3.3v power supply and consumes approximately 215mw of power. 4.1 serial digital inputs the serial data signal may be connected to the input pins (sdi/sdi ) in either a differential or single-ended configuration. ac-coupling of the inputs is recommended, as the sdi and sdi inputs are internally biased at approximately 1.8v. figure 3-3: output c ircuit figure 3-4: mute and bypa ss c ircuits figure 3-5: c d c ircuit 50 50 sdo sdo mute, bypass cd
GS2974A hd-linx? iii adaptive cable equalizer data sheet 42216 - 3 january 2009 10 of 16 4.2 cable equalization the input signal passes through a variable gain equalizing stage whose frequency response closely matches the inverse of the cable loss characteristic. in addition, the variation of the frequency response with control voltage imitates the variation of the inverse cable loss characteristic with cable length. the edge energy of the equalized signal is monitored by a detector circuit which produces an error signal corresponding to the difference between the desired edge energy and the actual edge energy. this error signal is integrated by both an internal and an external agc filter capacitor providing a st eady control voltage fo r the gain stage. as the frequency response of the gain stage is automatically varied by the application of negative feedback, the edge energy of the equalized signal is kept at a constant level which is representative of the original edge energy at the transmitter. the equalized signal is also dc restored, effectively restoring the logic threshold of the equalized signal to its correct level independent of shifts due to ac coupling. the digital output signals have a nominal voltage of 750mv pp differential, or 375mv pp single ended when terminated with 50 as shown in figure 4-1 . figure 4-1: typical output voltage levels 4.3 programmable maximum ca ble length adjust (mcladj) for smpte 259m inputs, the GS2974A incorporates a programmable maximum cable length adjust (mcladj) threshold. this feature can be useful in applications where there are multiple input channels using the GS2974A and the maximum gain ca n be limited to avoid crosstalk. the mcladj pin acts to change the threshold of the carrier detect (cd ) pin. when the input signal drops below a certain threshold, the cd pin will be driven high, indicating that there is not a valid input signal. in order to enable automatic muting of the output of the GS2974A, the cd pin should be connected directly to the mute pin. in applications where programmable maximum cable length adjust is not required, the mcladj pin may be left unconnected. this feature has been designed for use in a pplications such as routers, where signal crosstalk and circuit noise cause the equalizer to output erroneous data when no input signal is present. the use of a carrier detect function with a fixed internal reference 50 50 sdo sdo +187.5mv -187.5mv v cm = 2.925v typi c al +187.5mv -187.5mv v cm = 2.925v typi c al
GS2974A hd-linx? iii adaptive cable equalizer data sheet 42216 - 3 january 2009 11 of 16 does not solve this problem, since the signal to noise ratio on the circuit board could be significantly less than the default signal detection level set by the on chip reference. note: mcladj is only recomme nded for data rates up to 360mb/s. for data rates above this, mcladj should be left floating. 4.4 mute and carrier detect the GS2974A includes a mute input pin that a llows the application interface to mute the serial digital output at any time. set the mute pin high to mute sdo and sdo . in this case, the outputs will mute regardless of the setting of the bypass pin. a carrier detect output pin (cd ) indicates the presence of a valid signal at the input of the GS2974A. when cd is low, the device has detected a valid input on sdi and sdi . when cd is high, the device has not detected a valid input. note: this pin may be connected directly to the cd pin to allow mute on loss of carrier. note: cd will only detect loss of carrier for data rates greater than 19mb/s. the cd output pin may be connected directly to the mute input pin to enable automatic muting of the GS2974A when no valid input signal has been detected. note: if the maximum cable length is exceeded and the device is not in bypass mode the GS2974A will no t assert the cd pin even if a carrier is present. table 4-1: mute input table mute function 0 s do and s do operate normally 1 s do and s do are forced to a steady state table 4-2: cd output table cd input status 0 valid input on s di, s di pins 1 input is not valid
GS2974A hd-linx? iii adaptive cable equalizer data sheet 42216 - 3 january 2009 12 of 16 5. application information 5.1 pcb layout special attention must be paid to compon ent layout when desi gning serial digital interfaces for hdtv. an fr-4 dielectric can be used, however, controlled impedance transmission lines are required for pcb traces longer than approximately 1cm. note the following pcb artwork features used to optimize performance: ? pcb trace width for hd rate signals is closely matched to smt component width to minimize reflections due to change in trace impedance. ? the pcb ground plane is removed under the GS2974A input components to minimize parasitic capacitance. ? the pcb ground plane is removed under the GS2974A output components to minimize parasitic capacitance. ? high speed traces are curved to minimize impedance changes. 5.2 typical application circuit figure 5-1: gs 2974a typical application c ircuit GS2974A sdi cd sdi vee_d mute vcc_d agc bypass mcladj vee_a note: all resistors in ohms, c apa c itors in fara d s, an d in d u c tors in henrys, unless otherwise note d . * value d epen d ent on layout vee_a agc vcc_a sdo sdo vee_d 10n 1 10n sdo 4u7 4u7 + + sdo cd mute vcc bypass mcladj 470n 6 .2n* 75 sdi 1u 75 1u 37r4 vcc 4 5 6 2 3 8 7 1 6 12 13 11 14 15 9 10 470n
GS2974A hd-linx? iii adaptive cable equalizer data sheet 42216 - 3 january 2009 13 of 16 6. package & ordering information 6.1 package dimensions 6.2 packaging data 4.00+/-0.05 b 4.00+/-0.05 2x 2x 0.15 0.15 c c 0.10 c 16x 0.08 c seating plane 0.85+/-0.05 0.00-0.05 0.65/2 0.65 detail b scale:nts datum a or b terminal tip 0.20 ref datum b 0.65 16x 0.35+/-0.05 0.10 0.05 c a b c datum a 2.76+/-0.10 0.40+/-0.05 2.76+/-0.10 detail b center tab pin 1 area a c parameter value package type 4mm x 4mm 16-pin qfn package drawing reference j ede c m0220 moisture s ensitivity level 3 j unction to c ase thermal resistance, j-c 31.0 c /w j unction to air thermal resistance, j-a (at zero airflow) 43.8 c /w psi, 11.0 c /w pb-free and roh s compliant yes
GS2974A hd-linx? iii adaptive cable equalizer data sheet 42216 - 3 january 2009 14 of 16 6.3 recommended pcb footprint the center pad should be connected to the most negative power supply plane for analog circuitry in the device (vee_a) by a minimum of five vias. note: suggested dimensions only. final dimensions shou ld conform to customer design rules and process optimizations. 6.4 marking diagram 0.35 0.55 2.76 3.70 2.76 3.70 note: all dimensions are in millimeters. 0.65 c enter pad pin 1 id g s 29 7 4 a xxxxe 3 y y ww yyww - date code yy - 2-digit year ww - 2-digit week number xxxx - l ot/work order id
GS2974A hd-linx? iii adaptive cable equalizer data sheet 42216 - 3 january 2009 15 of 16 6.5 solder reflow profiles the device is manufactured with matte-sn terminations and is compatible with both standard eutectic and pb-free solder reflow profiles. msl qualification was performed using the maximum pb-free reflow profile shown in figure 6-1 . the recommended standard pb reflow profile is shown in figure 6-2 . figure 6-1: maximum pb-free s older reflow profile (preferred) figure 6-2: s tandard pb s older reflow profile 6.6 ordering information 25c 150c 200c 217c 2 6 0c 250c time temperature 8 min. max 6 0-180 se c . max 6 0-150 se c . 20-40 se c . 3c/se c max 6 c/se c max 25c 100c 150c 183c 230c 220c time temperature 6 min. max 120 se c . max 6 0-150 se c . 10-20 se c . 3c/se c max 6 c/se c max part number package temperature range gs 2974a gs 2974a c ne3 16-pin qfn 0 c to 70 c gs 2974a gs 2974a c te3 16-pin qfn tape & reel (250pcs) 0 c to 70 c gs 2974a gs 2974a c nte3z 16-pin qfn tape & reel (2,500pcs) 0 c to 70 c
caution ele c tro s tati c s en s itive devi c e s do not open pa c ka g e s or handle ex c ept at a s tati c -free work s tation ottawa design centre 232 herzberg road, s uite 101 kanata, ontario k2k 2a1 c anada phone: +1 (613) 270-0458 fax: +1 (613) 270-0429 united kingdom design centre north building, walden c ourt parsonage lane, bishop?s s tortford hertfordshire, c m23 6db g reat britain phone: +44 (1279) 714170 fax: +44 (1279) 714171 japan kk s hinjuku g reen tower building 27f 6-14-1, nishi s hinjuku s hinjuku-ku, tokyo, 160-0023 j apan phone: +81 (03) 3349 5501 fax: +81 (03) 3349 5505 email: gennum-japan@gennum.com web s ite: http://www.gennum.co.jp snowbush ip - a division of gennum 439 university ave. s uite 1700 toronto, ontario m5 g 1y8 c anada phone: +1 (416) 925-5643 fax: +1 (416) 925-0581 web s ite: http://www.snowbush.com aguascallientes physical design center venustiano c arranza 122 int. 1 c entro, aguascalientes mexico c p 20000 phone: +1 (416) 848-0328 germany niederlassung deutschland s tefan- g eorge-ring 29 81929 mnchen, g ermany phone: +49 89 309040 290 fax: +49 89 309040 293 email: gennum-germany@gennum.com united states - western region bayshore plaza 2107 n 1st s treet, s uite #300 s an j ose, c a 95131 united s tates phone: +1 (408) 392-9430 fax: +1 (408) 392-9404 united states - eastern region 4281 harvester road burlington, ontario l7l 5m4 c anada phone: +1 (905) 632-2996 fax: +1 (905) 632-2055 ta i w a n 6f-4, no.51, s ec.2, keelung rd. s inyi district, taipei c ity 11502 taiwan r.o. c . phone: (886) 2-8732-8879 fax: (886) 2-8732-8870 korea 8f, j innex lakeview bldg. 65-2, bangidong, s ongpagu s eoul, korea 138-828 phone: +82-2-414-2991 fax: +82-2-414-2998 document identification data sheet the product is in production. gennum reserves the right to make changes to the product at any time without notice to improve reliability, function or design, in order to provide the best product possible. GS2974A hd-linx? iii adaptive cable equalizer data sheet 42216 - 3 january 2009 16 of 16 16 g ennum c orporation assumes no liability for any errors or omissions in this document, or for the use of the circuits or devices describ ed herein. the sale of the circuit or device described herein does not imply any patent license, and g ennum makes no representation that the circuit or device is free from patent infringement. all other trademarks mentioned are the properties of their respective owners. g ennum and the g ennum logo are registered trademarks of g ennum c orporation. ? c opyright 2006 g ennum c orporation. all rights reserved. printed in c anada. www.gennum.com gennum corporation mailing address: p.o. box 489, s tation a, burlington, ontario l7r 3y3 c anada s treet addresses: 4281 harvester road, burlington, ontario l7l 5m4 c anada phone: +1 (905) 632-2996 fax: +1 (905) 632-2055 email: corporate@gennum.com www.gennum.com

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